Madd Letters – The Long Vowels

Madd means to stretch a sound and there are three madd letters which are ا, و and ي.

When there is a damma before wow sakin we stretach it for two counts and it is called wow madd.  

When there is a fatha before alif we stretch it for two counts and it is called alif madd. An alif can also be written as a standing fatha (as seen in the third example). 

When there is a kasra before ya sakin we stretch it for two counts and it is called ya madd.  

Can you identify the madd letters in the examples below?